HTML vs CSS

• HTML( Hyper Text Markup Language): HTML is the basic building blocks for a website. It allows you to embed pictures and objects. Helps you to add text to a webstite, and paragraphs, headings etc.

• CSS(Cascading Style Sheet): It is the presentation of the website. Adds colours, fonts and layout of all pages. Eg makes Title blue.

Example:     /* Generic Selectors */

    body {

    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;

    font-size: 14px;

    color: #333333;

    background-color: #F9F9F9;

    }


    p {

    width: 80%;

    }

    li {

    list-style-type: none;

    line-height: 150%;

    list-style-image: url(../images/arrowSmall.gif);

    }

    h1 {
font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;

    font-size: 18px;

    font-weight: bold;

    color: #000000;

    }


    h2 {

    font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;

    font-size: 16px;

    font-weight: bold;

    color: #000000;

    border-bottom: 1px solid #C6EC8C;

    }


   

Facebook Privacy

• People use Facebook to get attention , but we don't care who's reading it because we just want a response.
• Comments make us want to post more and more stuff, even if it is harmful to us.
• Other people can easily get into your Facebook.
• Parents and School block websites like Facebook, so kids think that keeping your things private is a bad thing.
• School Net Security corrupt the system by selling your information to companies and Dictatorships.
• When people get feedback on their posts it immediately makes them want to do better. Games are popular because the result of your actions is shown to you as you play. Eg You run in the middle and you get shot.
• 
  

Storage exam Quetions

1. Describe the differences between RAM and ROM.

Random Access Memory is a form of memory that can be read without having to begin at the first address, then the second address, then the third, and so on. This is a carryover from when most memory was Serial Access, such as magnetic tape, paper tape, or punched cards. The on-board memory computers use for temporary storage is Random Access Memory, but on chips, instead of a hard disc drive.
Read Only Memory is exactly what the name implies, it can only be read, not written to. A CD-ROM is a form of memory, as is a chip on the motherboard which is used to store instructions for the Central Processor Unit. RAM is your computer's temporary storage space. RAM is really the computer's short-term memory. As such, it remembers everything that the computer needs to process the data into information, such as data that has been entered and software instructions, but only when the computer is on. This means that RAM is an example of volatile storage. When the power is off, the data stored in RAM is cleared out. This is why, in addition to RAM, systems always include nonvolatile storage devices for permanent storage of instructions and data when the computer is powered off. Hard disks provide the greatest nonvolatile storage capacity in the computer system.

Source: Wikipedia 

Why Backup

A file backup is a copy of a file that is stored in a separate location from the original. You can have multiple backups of a file if you want to track changes to the file. Backing up your files helps to protect them from being permanently lost or changed in the event of accidental deletion, a worm or virus attack, or a software or hardware failure. If any of those things occur and your files are backed up, you can easily restore those files. 

Storage devices

1. Fixed Hard disks:Used to store stuff on your computer without having to put it onto a seperate storage item.
2. Portable Hard disks:Used for large storage and is portable for puting one thing from a computer to another. Expensive.
3. Magnetic Tapes:Used for large and longterm storage. cheap
4. Optical backing storage mediasuch as CDs and DVDs: Used for storing Media and data and able to use in Dvd and CD players. Relatively cheap  

Databases

If it says summarise in a task, press the Sigma button.

Databases using microsoft access

Step 1. Open up access and create new BLANK database called the Exam Name.
Step 2. Click on External Data,Step 1. Open up access and create new BLANK database called the Exam Name.
Step 2. Click on External Data, then Text File.
Step 3. Then import steps 2,4. (If your in Mr Wells class you will get it.)
Step 4. Then browse for the file in my case it was J8prods, then click finish.
Step 5. Then right-click on the tab in the top left and click on Design View.
Step 6. Change the categories to what you need to, however on the 08 and previous exams they made a mistake so you need to change the Yes/No to Text to keep the Y's and N's. You don't need to do this for exams past 2008.
Step 7. Click continue on the next few bars that come up, it will display a gray screen. Double-click on the name of your database and you have finished Q1. then Text File.


Source: James Bridgeman's Blog

Router

• Router: A router is a device that forwards data packets across computer networks. Routers perform the data "traffic directing" functions on the Internet. A router is a microprocessor-controlled device that is connected to two or more data lines from different networks. When a data packet comes in on one of the lines, the router reads the address information in the packet to determine its ultimate destination. Then, using information in its routing table, it directs the packet to the next network on its journey. A data packet is typically passed from router to router through the networks of the Internet until it gets to its destination computer. Routers also perform other tasks such as translating the data transmission protocol of the packet to the appropriate protocol of the next network, and preventing unauthorized access to a network by the use of a firewall.
  The most familiar type of routers are home and small office routers that simply pass data, such as web pages and email, between the home computers and the owner's cable or DSL modem, which connects to the Internet (ISP). However more sophisticated routers range from enterprise routers, which connect large business or ISP networks up to the powerful core routers that forward data at high speed along the optical fiber lines of the Internet backbone.

Source: Wikipedia

Network Types

• WLAN:A wireless local area network (WLAN) links two or more devices using some wireless distribution method ), and usually providing a connection through an access point to the wider internet. This gives users the mobility to move around within a local coverage area and still be connected to the network.
• LAN:A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such as home, school, computer laboratory or office building. The defining characteristics of LANs, in contrast to wide area networks (WANs), include their usually higher data-transfer rates, smaller geographic area, and lack of a need for leased telecommunication lines.
• WAN:A wide area network (WAN) is a computer network that covers a broad area (i.e., any network whose communications links cross metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries). This is in contrast with personal area networks (PANs), local area networks (LANs), campus area networks (CANs), or metropolitan area networks (MANs) which are usually limited to a room, building, campus or specific metropolitan area (e.g., a city) respectively.

Devices

Tracker ball - A trackball is a pointing device consisting of a ball held by a socket containing sensors to detect a rotation of the ball about two axes—like an upside-down mouse with an exposed protruding ball.

Magnetic Stripe Readers - A magnetic stripe card is a type of card capable of storing data by modifying the magnetism of tiny iron-based magnetic particles on a band of magnetic material on the card

Chip Readers and PIN pads - Chip and PIN is a smartcard payment system in the United Kingdom, implementing the EMV standard for secure payments. There is also a similar initiative in Ireland called Chip and PIN Ireland.

Outputs

• Outputs are the actual computer that puts things out into the internet. Eg, Iphone, Laptop

Inputs

• Inouts are things that yo put into a computer Eg. Software, key board, mouse

Sensors (general) in control and measuring applications

Temperature sensor: Automatic washing machines, automatic cookers, central heating

controllers, computer-controlled greenhouses, scientific experiments

and environmental monitoring.

Pressure sensor: Burglar alarms, automatic washing machines, robotics, production line

control, scientific experiments and environmental monitoring

Light sensor: Computer controlled greenhouses, burglar alarm systems, robotics,

production line control, scientific experiments and environmental

monitoring

Graphics tablet: Inputting freehand drawings or retouch photographs

Optical Mark Reader: Inputting pencil marks on a form such as a school register, candidate

exam answers, any application involving input of a choice of options

Optical Character Reader: :Inputting text to a computer ready for processing by another software package such as word processors, spreadsheets, databases etc.

Bar code Reader: Inputting code numbers from products at a POS terminal, library books
and membership numbers

Video camera: Inputting moving pictures, often pre-recorded, into a computer

Web cam Inputting moving pictures from a fixed position into a computer

Light pen: Where desktop space is limited, it is used instead of a mouse or for
drawing applications where a graphics tablet might be too big

Powerpoint

Master slides only edit colour and style not what you writing says on every slide, if you want to add master text then you have to add a text box then edit the style in the text box.

Bite Size

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/bitesize/

Word Processing

• import: .csv, .txt, .rtf
• Text: highlight, delete, move, cut, copy, paste, drgag and drop.                                   J08
• Import: Clip Art, digital Source, File, Web                                                                 J08
• Tables: Format cells                                                                                                   J08
• Images: Resize, Crop, flip, text wrapping, maintain aspect ratio.                                  J08
• Page Size, orientation, page and gutter margins                                                           J08
• Headers and footers & Automated text                                                                      J08
• Columns                                                                                                                    J08
• Breaks: Page, Sectio and Column                                                                              J08
• Widows and Orphans                                                                                          
• Text Alignment                                                                                                          J08
• Line Spacing                                                                                                             J08
• Tabulation settings                         
• Font                                                                                                                         J08
• Bulleted list or Numbered List                                                                                  J08

Fields

Create heaers and footers, including aotumated file information, automated page numbering, text, date, position, consistency of position, position left, right, centre, outside of pages, align with page margins.

Types of computer

• Main Frame: The Big computer is called a main frame used for bulk processing and storage.

• Palm top: A.K.A Net book. A small lap top.
• Normal computer: Personal computer (PC). desk top computer.
• Personal Digital Assistant(PDA): An iphone without the phone. Pre iphone. Personal organiser.(Not a Phone)

Components

Input devices:
 Central processing unit(CPU): Computers brain.

Primary Memory
Read Only Memory (ROM): The black one. It does not change it's memory. Permanent. Non Volatile.

Random Access Memory (RAM): Holds what's going on right now. It changes rapidly. Volatile. Can dump and delete.

Secondary storage
Hardrive: Secondary memory. Long term memory.

Printers: laser


Interface
Allows you to communicate with the computer.

Graphical User Interface(GUI): Are WIMPS. Windows Icons Menus Pointers.

Command Lined Interface:A command-line interface (CLI) is a mechanism for interacting with a computer operating system or software by typing commands to perform specific tasks.

Hardware:The physical components of the system.
eg. phone, screen.

Software: Set of commands that are processed for an output.
eg. -Utility software: Used to change the system(control panel, system preferences)
     -Application software: When yo want to do what you want to do.( Microsft word)
     -Operating system: So that everything can be ued in th machine.(start panel)